Sejarah Latar Belakang Lahirnya Adonan Politik Indonesia (Gapi)
Pada tanggal 21 Mei 1939 M.H. Thamrin mendirikan organisasi baru, yaitu GAPI (Gabungan Politik Indonesia). GAPI ialah adonan dari Parindra, Gerindo, Persatuan Minahasa, Partai Islam Indonesia, Partai Kristen Indonesia, Pasundan, dan PSII.
Pimpinan GAPI dipegang oleh M.H. Thamrin (Parindra), Mr. Amir Syarifuddin (Gerindo), dan Abikusno Tjokrosuyoso Tujuan didirikannya GAPI yaitu untuk membentuk kekuatan nasional gres dengan cara bersatu. The motive factors of forming the Indonesian Political Alliance were as follows. Faktor pendorong pembentukan GAPI yaitu sebagai diberikut.
On May 21, 1939 M.H. Thamrin founded a new organization, that was the Indonesian Political Alliance. It was an alliance of represent aliance of the Great Indonesian Party, the Indonesian People Movement, Unity of Minahasa, the Indonesian Islamic Party, the Indonesia Catholic Party, Pasundan, and the Indonesia Islamic Union Party.
The leadership of the Indonesian Political Alliance was held by M.H. Thamrin (the Great Indonesian Party), Mr. Amir of Syarifuddin (the Indonesian People Move-ment), and Abikusno Tjokrosuyoso (the Indonesia Islamic Union Party). The aim of founding of the Indonesian Political Alliance was to form new national power by uniting.
a. First factor was to mobilize power of mass, hence motivation from within to form arcollective institution arose.
b. Second factor was the existence of motivation from outside in the form of Japguase threat which would immediately arise, because by then Japguase had started to make a move southward.
b. Second factor was the existence of motivation from outside in the form of Japguase threat which would immediately arise, because by then Japguase had started to make a move southward.
a. Faktor pertama yaitu untuk memobilisasikan kekuatan massa, maka timbul dorongan dari dalam untuk membentuk sebuah wadah bersama.
b. Faktor kedua yaitu adanya dorongan dari luar berupa ancaman Jepang yang segera timbul, sebab pada waktu itu Jepang sudah mulai bergerak ke selatan.
The major aim of the Indonesian Political Alliance was "Indonesia had Parliament" and putting forward the socioeconomic problems. Then it released "the Indonesian Political Alliance Manifest" in September 1939, to invite the Indonesia people and the Dutch people cooperated to oppose the fascism danger.
Tujuan utama GAPI yaitu "Indonesia Berparlemen" dan memajukan masalah-masalah sosial-ekonomi. Kemudian GAPI mengeluarkan "Manifest GAPT' pada bulan September 1939, untuk mengajak rakyat Indonesia dan rakyat Belanda bekerja sama menghadapi ancaman fasisme.
For the bliss of and prosperity of resident, on December 24, 1939, the Indonesian Political Alliance formed an institution called the Congress of the Indonesian People in the regions.
Untuk kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan penduduk, pada tanggal 24. Desember 1939, GAPI membentuk sebuah tubuh yang berjulukan KRI (Kongres Rakyat Indonesia) di daerah-daerah.
In March 1941,- the Dutch government formed Visman commission to fulfill the demand of the nationalist group who were affiliated in the Indonesian Political Alliance. Its duty was to investigate the Indonesian people desire referring to government change. Visman commission succeeded to collect the people desire, but what was collected by only the desire which still wished Indonesia remained in bonding with the Netherlands kingdom. Thereby, Visman commission was dissatisfactory in performing a change of state administration to Indonesian nation.
Pada bulan Maret 1941, pemerintah Belanda membentuk komisi Visman untuk memenuhi tuntutan kaum nasionalis yang tergabung dalam GAPI. Tugasnya yaitu untuk memeriksa kehendak rakyat Indonesia sehubungan dengas perubahan pemerintah. Komisi Visman berhasil mengumpulkan keinginan-keinginan rakyat, tetapi harapan rakyat yang dikumpulkan oleh komisi Visman spesialuntuklah harapan rakyat yang masih menginginkan Indonesia tetap dalam ikatan kerajaan Belanda. melaluiataubersamaini demikian, komisi Visman tidak memuaskan dalam mengadakan perubahan ketatguagaraan bagi bangsa Indonesia.
On September 14, 1941, in a congress in Digyakarta, the Congress of the Indonesian People which was formed by the Indonesian Political Alliance was changed into The Council of the Indonesian People. It was the most advanced organization, because not only political organizations affiliated in it, but alsom social and religious organizations.
Pada tanggal 14 September 1941, dalam sebuah kongres di Yogyakarta, KRI yang dibuat GAPI diubah menjadi MRI (Majelis Rakyat Indonesia). MRI ialah organisasi yang paling maju, sebab dalam MRI tidak spesialuntuk tergabung organisasi-organisasi politik, tetapi juga organisasi sosial dan keagamaan.
Sumber Pustaka: Yrama Widya
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